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2001 Articles | Articles by Topic
12/28/01 - Coffee History
Coffee, that great morning eye-opener and body starter, has been around for a long time.
In fact, there are entire Web sites solely devoted to coffee and its history.
12/21/01 - The Jacobite and Carys Rebellions
Take a look at two rebellions and discover how they affected World History.
12/14/01 - Denmark's Rulers of the 18th Century
Take a look at the Rulers of Denmark.
12/07/01 - Germany's Rulers of the 18th Century
Take a look at the Rulers of Germany.
11/30/01 - Spain's Rulers of the 18th Century
Take a look at the Spanish rulers and where to find information on this countries rulers of the 18th century.
11/23/01 - Life of Johnson
"Boswell's Johnson is consistently and primarily the life of one man. Incidentally it is more, for through it one is carried from his own present limitations into a spacious and genial world. The reader there meets a vast number of people, men, women, children, nay even animals, from George the Third down to the cat Hodge. By the author's magic each is alive, and the reader mingles with them as with his acquaintances. " -- Charles Grosvenor Osgood on Boswell's Life of Johnson
11/09/01 - Irish History Sites
In this article, we shall take a look at some Irish history Web sites containing information about the history of this part of the British Empire.
11/02/01 - 18th century Composers
Today many people have varied tastes in music, from Rap to hard core Rock and Roll. You can listen to this music by turning on the radio or tuning in to MTV, even on the computer. What about the 18th century? you may ask, what type of music did folks listen too and who where the popular musicians of the time. We will look at some 18th century composers and Web sites that cover these people and their music.
10/26/01 - Historic Mysteries
In 1794, Daniel McGinnis found the money pit. A mysterious man imprisoned behind a velvet mask. These historic mysteries are still unsolved. Scholars have several theories that attempt to explain these mysteries. Examine interesting web sites about these historic mysteries.
10/19/01 - The XYZ Affair
Britain and France were again at war in 1792. This time the British were attempting to stop the French Revolution from spreading and restore the French monarchy. In this attempt, Britain had blockaded Continental Europe from trade.
10/12/01 - Top Ten Revolution Resources
The 18th century was more than the Age of Reason it was a Revolutionary age. We will examine the top ten sites that discuss the revolutions of the 18th century.
10/05/01 - The French Revolution: Downfall of Robespierre
Finally, the enemies of the Revolution at home and abroad seemed to be suppressed. Only Great Britain and Austria continued the war. The people were tired of the Terror. When Robespierre showed no signs of stopping the bloodshed, the rest of the Convention took matters into their own hands.
9/29/01 - The French Revolution: The King Waivers
Louis XVI was a weak and indecisive king, because he would vacillate between obeying the new constitution, and following the advice of his councilors, who had ulterior motives. Their motives were to maintain the status of their offices. Thus, this weakness in the king caused the people of France to mistrust the king and still more Marie Antoinette, who was not French but Austrian.
9/21/01 - The French Revolution: The Revolution Begins
The Revolution began when the Estates-General met on May 5, 1789. Many Nobles and some of the clergy followed the Third Estate, in starting the long revolution. They changed the name of their gathering from Estates General to the National Assembly, which represented all of the people of France, thus doing away with representation by class.
9/14/01 - The French Revolution: Pre-Revolutionary France
The French government of Louis XVI was overthrown in 1789. The Revolutionaries took as their motto, the famous phrase "Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite" Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. Equality. They did away with privilege. This was the most important part of the French revolutionary slogan.
9/07/01 - The Influence of the Enlightenment on the French Revolution
The Intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment occupies an important position in the growth of Western civilization. How it totally affected society, especially French society is a subject of debate, from the beginning of the Revolution to today. In fact, two schools of interpretation are involved.
8/28/01 - Voltaire on the Web
In his 84 years, Voltaire was a historian and essayist, playwright and storyteller, poet and philosopher, wit and pamphleteer, wealthy businessman and practical economic reformer. Yet, he is remembered best as an advocate of human rights. True to the spirit of the Enlightenment, he denounced organized religion and established himself as a proponent of rationality.
8/21/01 - A Journey To The Western Islands Of Scotland
Discover what Scotland was like during the 18th century by reading this account by Samuel Johnson.
8/14/01 - Pragmatic Sanction Leads to War
Charles VI, the father of Maria Theresa, was the last of the direct male line of the Austrian Hapsburgs, who ruled the Austrian Empire. This caused a problem because according to Hapsburg law only males could inherit the Hapsburg land. He attempted to solve this situation by the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713.
8/03/01 - Important Treaties of the 18th Century
During the 18th century, there was a significant amount of warfare in the world. These wars included from the war of the Spanish Succession to the French Revolution. After each of these wars, there were treaties that ended them.
7/22/01 - Almanacs: Reference Resources of the 18th Century
The 20th century is indeed the information age. You can find just about anything that you need on the Internet, from the weather conditions in your area to the latest software reviews and programs. You can also read the latest news to finding advise on anything. In the area of print, you can find miscellaneous information through almanacs. Almanacs are good resources for quick facts on anything from weather forecasts, moon phases or when to plant your flowers. This miscellaneous information was also available in 18th century almanacs.
7/15/01 - The Political Realists of Continental Europe
Enlightened Philosophers, such as Voltaire and Diderot, and the Physiocrats, who were ministers to the French court, did not wish to limit the powers of the Monarchies. They attempted to persuade European Rulers to redirect power towards the rationalization of economic and political structures and the liberation of intellectual life.
7/08/01 - 18th Century Literature for a Rainy Day
Like most people I like to read a good book, especially on a rainy day. Some of the best titles were written in the 18th century. For me, the 18th century produced some of the finest literature anywhere, except of course, Shakespeare.
7/01/01 - Scientific And Political Revolutions
This is chapter one of Le Bon's classic study of the psychology of Revolutions, which focuses on the French Revolution.
6/29/01 - Men of Invention and Industry
Read this classic 19th century work about the men who helped to bring about the modern world through their inventions by Samuel Smiles.
2/22/01 - Top Ten Heroes of the 18th Century
Take an interesting look at the top ten heroes of the 18th century and learn why they became heroes of history.
6/15/01 - The Ancient Regime
Read about France before the French Revolution from this series of lectures by Charles Kingsley.
6/09/01 - A DAY WITH FRIEDRICH. (23d July, 1779.)
Have you ever wondered what a typical day was like for a monarch of the 18th century? Find out now by examining this document from the History of Friedrich II of Prussia by Thomas Carlyle.
6/08/01 - Russia's Rulers of the 18th century
Discover how Russia emerged as a power during the 18th century.
6/01/01 - France's Kings of the 18th century
The French Monarchy of 18th century was very different from the British Monarchy. The British had a Parliamentary Democracy, with a King to whom they could look to for guidance and tradition, to rule.
5/26/01 - England's Kings and Queens of the 18th Century
The 18th century was the Age of Revolution. Revolutions in thinking especially in the way, people thought about government and who held the power. We see these changes in the movement towards democracy.
5/19/01 - A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue
A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue, in a Letter to the Most Honorable Robert Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, Lord High Treasurer of Great Britain, Printed from Benjamin Tooke, at the Middle Temple Gate, Fleetstreet, 1712.
5/12/01 - Encyclopedia of 18th Century History: An Invitation
Encyclopιdie ou Dictionnaire raisonnι des sciences, des arts et des mιtiers, par une Sociιtι de Gens de lettres, edited and published by Denis Diderot, was a cooperative project. It contained articles discussing the advanced opinions of Voltaire, Montesquieu, D'Alembert and others about philosophy, politics and religion. It is considered the great intellectual achievement of the Enlightenment.
5/12/01 - A Political Treatise
Spinoza demonstrates in his Treaties how the society in which monarchical dominion finds place, as also that in which the dominion is aristocratic, should be ordered, so as not to lapse into a tyranny, but to preserve inviolate the peace and freedom of the citizens. Read it in its entirety here. (This text was prepared by Jon Roland of the Constitution Society.)
5/05/01 - The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution has had far more impact on the world than any political revolution, because its influence on society is longer lasting. For example, today we have automobiles, television, and computers, made possible by this revolution. Without the Industrial Revolution, we would not have these advance technologies.
4/28/01 - 18th Century Living History Web Sites
What is living history? Living history commemorates historic events. Some historic events that are commemorated are the American Revolution; the American Civil war, and the debates over the Declaration of Independence, is the most common reenactments.
4/21/01 - 18th Century Science and Technology
Science as we know it today was in its infancy. Technology, the age of machines, began in the later half of the 18th century. Industry was still in the homes and small shops everywhere. Science during the 18th century falls into two categories or periods; the Baroque period, which started in the 17th century and lasted to the early 18th century, and the Classical period which lasted into the early 19th century.
4/14/01 - Abigail Adams
Women of the 18th century were more than mothers and housewives. They were writers, activists, mathematicians, and more. They even influenced men in their political thinking. One such woman was Abigail Adams. Abigail Adams was the wife and the mother of a president of the United States. This fact alone makes her unique.
4/07/01 - Reformers of the Justice System
The philosophers and writers of the Enlightenment contributed to the reformation of the judicial system by advocating the banning of torture and making punishments to fit the crime. Two influential writers were Cesare Beccaria and John Howard.
3/30/01 - Native American Discontent in Alabama in the Early 1800s
Guest author Jabe Fincher explains how the Native Americans of Alabama lost their traditional lands in the early 1800s.
3/30/01 - Three Governors from Greensboro, Alabama
Jabe Fincher writes about the three men who share a unique place in Alabama history.
3/30/01 - George Strother Gaines: Mississippi Friend to the Local Native Americans
George Strother Gaines was a well-trusted and honorable man among the Indians and the whites. Learn about his life from author Jabe Fincher.
3/25/01 - 18th Century Medicine
Unlike today, 18th century medical sciences were not as advanced in scientific knowledge because the body and its functions were still a mystery. In Europe, the doctors still adhered to the dogmas of vitalists, iatrochemists, and iatrophysicists. Each follower of these "brands" of medical practice argued over which of their single causes explained all human health.
3/20/01 - 18th Century Family Life
In the 18th century, the family was an extended family, where grandparents lived with their children and grandchildren. Families in the 18th century were large, consisting of the father, mother, and grandparents and averaged five or more children. Children were important assets because they took care of their parents when they were old. There were no rest homes for people to go to when they grew old. Government social security systems did not exist either. The family was the social security then.
3/20/01 - 18th Century Fashion
The fashion style of the 18th century was a reflection of the morals of the time. Most folks dressed conservatively. Women for instance showed very little skin, but accentuated their figures. Men wore clothes that advertised their trade or business occupations.
3/15/01 - Life of Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke was born at Dublin on the first of January, 1730. His father was an attorney, who had fifteen children, of whom all but four died in their youth. Edmund, the second son, being of delicate health in his childhood, was taught at home and at his grandfather's house in the country before he was sent with his two brothers Garrett and Richard to a school at Ballitore, under Abraham Shackleton, a member of the Society of Friends. For nearly forty years afterwards Burke paid an annual visit to Ballitore.
3/15/01 - An Inquiry Into The Nature And Causes Of The Wealth Of Nations
Adam Smith's classic work, Wealth of Nations is considered by many to be the blueprints of modern economics. Read it and decide for yourself whether or not this is true.
3/12/01 - Transformations in Mississippian Native American Culture
This article is published with the kind permission of the author, Jabe Fincher. He examines the loss of the Mississippian platform mounds, one of the transformed cultural elements of Mississippian Native American culture.
3/10/01 - 18th Century Economics
Mercantilism is a trade and monetary system by which the government controls all aspects of trade. Learn about this system from these interesting Web sites.
3/10/01 - 18th Century Transportation
In the 18th century, transportation was primitive by today's standards. The majority of the time if you wanted to go anywhere you either walked or rode a horse on trails or rough roads. Most folks could not afford carriages or wagons. People traveled from one country to the next by small wooden ships or stagecoach services.
3/10/01 - A Look at James Cook
The 18th century was a time of exploration and discovery throughout the world. Every nation was sending their own explorers in search of new lands and wealth. England was a world naval power at this time, and it would be from this nation that one of the most famous explorers originated: James Cook.
3/08/01 - A Talk with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Mozart is perhaps the most popular classical music composer in the world. Discover what he might have said about his life and music in this fictional interview. Mozart's answers are provided by portrayal artist S.K. Waller.
3/07/01 - The Albany Congress
Like William Penn's Plan of Union of 1697, Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of 1754 was an attempt to solve problems faced by the Colonist and came about as a result of war over Empire. This war, an extension of the War of the Austrian Succession,is known as King George's War in the Colonies.
3/07/01 - 18th Century Society: The Arts
The arts in the 18th century varied in movements, and style. I feel that the best way to show you the art of the 18th century, is to give definitions of these movements.
3/07/01 - William Penn's Plan of Union 1697
Take a look at one of the earliest known plans for union among the Colonies as proposed by William Penn.
3/07/01 - 18th Century Society: An Overview
The aristocratic elite set the standard of European Society. The Aristocracy possessed a wide variety of inherited legal privileges, established by the government. The Catholic and Protestant churches also heavily influenced society. The medieval sense of rank and degree was still persistent and became more rigid throughout the course of the century.
3/07/01 - 18th Century Society: Top Ten Thinkers
In the Eighteenth century, the thinkers of society were philosophers, clergymen, merchants and politicians. They theorized and wrote about philosophy, science, theology, economics, and politics. Their theories and ideas were influential and had a great impact on social thought. These theories and ideas were controversial and revolutionary in the Eighteenth century.
3/07/01 - 18th Century Society: The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a movement of thought and belief concerned with the interrelated ideas of God, reason, nature, and man that claimed wide assent among the intellectuals in 17th and 18th century Europe. It attacked the fundamental beliefs and practices of European society. Although the Enlightenment was diverse in emphasis and interests, those who followed its tenets were convinced that right reason could discover useful knowledge, aspiring to the conquest of mans happiness through freedom. It would affect science, religion and social thinking of society.
3/05/01 - 18th Century History Timeline 1675 - 1830
This timeline covers the last few decades of the 1600s to the first three decades of the 1800s. Contributions are welcome and appreciated.
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